Glossary

Basic Conjugation Forms

未然形	みぜんけい	Mizenkei (MZ), nai-stem; dependent conjugation form, which serves as a connection for negation, passive, causative and for 1-step verbs also the potential form.
連用形	れんようけい	Ren'yōkei (RY), masu-stem; independent conjugation form as conjunction. Also the most productive connection form, e.g. for masu, tai
連体形	れんたいけい	Rentaikei (RT), attributive form. Form of verbs or adjectives that stands in front of nouns and describes them. Comparable to participle adjectives in German.
終止形	しゅうしけい	Shūshikei (SS), predicative form, final form, sentence end form. Form of verbs or adjectives that stands at the end of a sentence.
已然形	いぜんけい	Izenkei (IZ), precursor of the Kateikei in Classical Japanese
仮定形	かていけい	Kateikei (KT), stem for potential form and conditional form
命令形	めいれいけい	Meireikei (MR), imperative, command form
推量形	すいりょうけい	Suiryōkei (SR), assumption form historically originated from the Mizenkei and is often still assigned to it. In modern Japanese connection form for the formation of the volitional form (意志形)
音便形	おんびんけい	Onbinkei, deviation of the regular conjugation created by regular sound change (Onbin). Specifically a special form of the Ren'yōkei (RY*), which serves as a connection form for te-form and ta-form.

Other Verb Forms

基本形 辞書形	きほんけい じしょけい	Basic form or dictionary form.
不定形 ナイ形	ふていけい ナイけい	negated form, nai-form
過去形 タ形	かこけい タけい	Past tense; completed form; ta-form
現在形 ル形	げんざいけい ルけい	Present tense; non-past
受け身形	うけみけい	Passive form
受動態	じゅどうたい	Passive form; another word for 受け身形
使役形	しえきけい	Causative form
可能形	かのうけい	Potential form
意志形	いしけい	Volitional form, intention form. Is formed by appending う to the Suiryōkei
意向形	いこうけい	Another word for 意志形
条件法	じょうけんほう	Conditional

Parts of Speech

体現	たいげん	non-inflectable parts of speech: nouns, particles, adverbs and rentaishi
用言	ようげん	inflectable parts of speech: verbs and adjectives
名詞	めいし	Noun, substantive
動詞	どうし	Verb (V)
形容詞 イ形容	けいようし ナけいよう	Keiyōshi (KY), i-adjective,
形容動詞 ナ形容	けいようどうし ナけいよう	Keiyōdōshi (KYD), na-adjective
副詞	ふくし	Adverb
連体詞	れんたいし	Attributive, adjective-like words that only stand in front of nouns and modify these. Renatishi are not inflectable
助動詞	じょどうし	Auxiliary verb
助詞	じょし	Particle
代名詞	だいめいし	Pronoun
形式名詞	けいしきめいし	formal nouns, which do not have a direct translation, but are predominantly used grammatically, e.g. もの, こと, はず
数量詞 助数詞	すうりょうし じょすうし	Counter; qualifier; ZEW
接続	せいぞく	Conjunction

Verb Categories

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上一段	かみいちだん	1-step conjugation of verbs, group 2. The Mizenkei of Kami Ichidan verbs ends on an i-syllable.
下一段	しもいちだん	1-step conjugation of verbs, group 2. The Mizenkei of Kami Ichidan verbs ends on an e-syllable.
五段	ごだん	5-step conjugation of verbs, group 1. The Mizenkei of Godan verbs ends on an a-syllable
他動詞	たどうし	transitive verb
自動車	じどうし	intransitive verb
意志動詞	いしどうし	volitional verb